Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Importance Of Image Preprocessing - 1204 Words

3.2.1 Preprocessing Image preprocessing activity is compulsory for obvious reason that satellite images are subject to various distortions. Preprocessing activities such as image sub-setting or clipping by the study area, re-projection, and image panning or resolution merge are performed for all images in order for all images be ready for use. Preprocessed level 1 Satellite images were obtained from NASA Earth Explorer web site for this study. The images were downloaded from USGS Landsat archive web site and layer stacked after extracting the compiled file. Image selection and preference of seasons was based on, one for its free availability of the data and the other it was free from cloud coverage. After data acquisition, image to†¦show more content†¦Hyperspectral Color Sharpening was first designed for WorldView 2 sensor 8 band data, but the algorism works with any multispectral data containing 3 bands or more. Hence, after all the processes, a better 5m resolution images were generated for each year that are found to be better interpretable. Therefore, all preprocessing activities helped a lot to get a better quality image which improves the interpretation and classification processes in the later stages. 3.2.2 Image Classification After all the pre-processing activities, one of the actual work of the study is image classification which is the basis for change detection activity. Classification is one of the seven change detection mechanisms and supervised classification was employed for this study. Supervised classification requires the selection of training areas to get accurate classification output. It is profoundly based on the quality and quantity of training samples to produce good quality classification results. Fig 3.4 Landsat images after preprocessed and pan sharpened with SPOT 5 image. In supervised classification, identifying feature cover types, selecting high-quality and sufficiently numerous training sample sets is the time consuming and one of the major challenges that the investigators face during digital imageShow MoreRelatedEmotion Detection Using Sobel Filtering And Retrieving With Sparse Code Words2097 Words   |  9 PagesAurangabad, Maharashtra ABSTRACT : Extracting and understanding of emotion is of high importance for the interaction among human and machine communication systems. The most expressive way to display the human’s emotion is through facial expression analysis. This paper presents and implements an automatic extraction of facial expression and emotion from still image. There are steps to detect the facial emotion; (1) Preprocessing,skin color segmentation and edge detection using Sobel filtering and (2) VerifyingRead MoreTypes of Image Compression for Medical Imaging Essay1480 Words   |  6 PagesMedical imaging, as we all know, is the process of taking images of various parts of the human body for diagnostic and surgical purposes. Some of the popular medical imaging modalities are X-ray radiography, Magnetic resonance imaging, Medical ultrasound, Computed tomography etc. Since, these images contain clinical data of extreme importance for treatment follow-ups and are acquired at cost of radiation exposure, infr astructure, money and time involved. Thus, once acquired, the medical imaging dataRead MoreTaking a Look at Image Processing3018 Words   |  12 Pages Image Processing is a technique to enhance raw images received from cameras/sensors placed on satellites, space probes and aircrafts or pictures taken in normal day-today life for various applications. Various techniques have been developed in Image Processing during the last four to five decades. Most of the techniques are developed for enhancing images obtained from unmanned spacecrafts, space probes and military reconnaissance flights. Image Processing systems are becoming popular dueRead MoreA Brief Note On Web Mining And Web Materials Essay2441 Words   |  10 Pagesis the process to predict the web pages visited by the user based on the previously visited by the other users. The web pages may not only contain textual content but also other types of web data which may also audio files, video files and images. The impo rtance of web prediction from the search and recommendation systems can be made more effective through the use and the improvement of web prediction. Application of Web Mining is: †¢ Personalization of web content. †¢ System Improvement. †¢ SecurityRead MoreComputational Advances Of Big Data1147 Words   |  5 Pagesmeasuring and analyzing non selected features. Based on a certain criteria this technique selects a subset of original features and discards the rest. Since big data includes large amount of inconsistent, incomplete, and noisy data, a number of data preprocessing techniques, including data cleaning, data integration, data transformation and data reduction, can be applied to remove noise and correct inconsistencies [5]. A good amount of feature selection algorithms of different models have been developedRead MoreRole Of Service Quality And Relational Benefits On Customer Satisfaction Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesdimension was a key determinant of a customer assessment of service quality in the auto insurance industry in Thailand. And there was a linear relationship between customer satisfactions, perceived service quality of the company, perception of company image and customer repurchase intenti ons was found to have a positive significant relationship. His study also indicated that there is no significant relationship between customer loyalty and customer satisfaction. The paper found that the size of the insuranceRead MoreCurse of Dimensionality Makes CBIR System is Necessary for Storage and Retrieval2761 Words   |  12 Pagesnumber of examples necessary to reliable generalization grows exponentially with the number of dimensions. Learn ability necessitates dimensionality reduction, which is the process of reducing the number of random features under consideration during image retrieval (Roweis and Saul, 2000). In large multimedia databases, high-dimensional representation is computationally intensive and most users are unwilling to wait for results for a long time. Thus, for storage and retrieval efficiency concerns, dimensionalityRead MoreThe Natural Language Processing ( Nlp )3111 Words   |  13 Pagesnewspaper. 1.1.2: Machine translation [b]: Automatically translate language from one human to another human. 1.1.4 Optical Character Recognition [b]: Optical Character Recognition is a process mechanical or electronic conversion of scanned or photographic image of typewritten or printed text into machine encode or computer readable text. 1.1.4 Speech recognition [b]: In speech recognition take a sound clip of the person and determine the textual representation of speech. 1.1.5 Speech segmentation [b]: InRead MoreThe Visual Recognition Of Image Patterns2724 Words   |  11 PagesAs a scientific discipline, computer vision is concerned with the extraction of information from images to be employed in a decision making process. The image data can take many forms, such as video sequences, still images, digitized maps, diagrams and sketches. These images may be in colour format, grey scale or in binary format. The common approach is to extract characteristic features from the image either in the spatial domain or in some suitable transform domain. Whether the goal is classificationRead MoreExamining The Functional Connectivity Of A Whole Brain Atlas1722 Words   |  7 Pagesof this technology and methodology can be found in both neurology research for deeper understanding of brain structure and function and for determining the effects of disease and outside influences on the brain. Sources have already examined the importance of functional connectivity in Alzheimer’s disease (Grady, et al. 2001) and anesthesia effectiveness (Nallasamy, et al. 2011). This kind of deeper understanding of disease could lead to improved methods of treating the many brain related disorders

Monday, December 16, 2019

The Hidden Truth on Apa Research Paper Examples Revealed

The Hidden Truth on Apa Research Paper Examples Revealed The significance of the outline in the research paper is clear. You might also see speech outline. Aside from a report outline and a presentation outline, a research paper outline is among the most usual types of outlines you're very likely to encounter in any particular field. By studying various outline samples, you're guaranteed to come up with the ideal research paper outline in almost no time. The New Angle On Apa Research Paper Examples Just Released When writing a research paper on a psychology-related domain your goal is to make those complicated ideas full of specific stipulations, more accessible to the wide audience and, at precisely the same time, add your own knowledge in the specialty. In case the research isn't complete yet, you can consist of preliminary benefits or theory about the possible outcome. It's an educated guess because it's based on previous research, training, observation, and a review of t he appropriate research literature. The Apa Research Paper Examples Game The sole difference is the true content presented in the paper. A well-made outline is critical in locating considerable info and keeping track of large quantities of information from a research paper. Besides some elements your abstract has to contain, there are a few things you ought to avoid. When it's too long, make it shorter, but put the entire name on the remainder of the pages. A title page is normally in the middle of the page and is a concise overview of the topic. The title should appear at the peak of each page. Another sentence containing a particular fact, with the origin of the fact cited. Apa Research Paper Examples Ideas The APA advises that you use the author-date method. APA format is well-known among students because of its simple guidelines and approach. When writing references, APA style advises that you give the author's last name and after that utilize initials for the other names. It recommends that your title is no more than 12 words in length. The Secret to Apa Research Paper Examples You can't avoid double spacing that's mandatory in the full paper. Your document may have a complicated structure, especially in the event the principal body will be big. There you may learn to construct the structure and its elements. In the event the structure of the principal body has many levels, it is preferable to use different numbering styles. Choosing Apa Research Paper Examples As the title of the writing implies you must conduct the research in the certain region of knowledge. There are various views relating to this issue. It is going to greatly allow you to shape your research and provide its readers the very best impression. Some readers will be considering research methods utilised in your work while others might read certain points mentioned in your research. Some students simply don't have sufficient knowledge for a definite job. They find it hard to conduct primary or secondary research while others simply lack knowledge of the subject. College students should use a suitable numbering for unique sections. New Questions About Apa Research Paper Examples You may probably be aware that the structure of some academic papers is dependent on both formatting and kind of paper. APA format can help you to organize your paper well. The simple format is identical for all sorts of references. The format of your abstract also depends upon the sort of paper you're writing. The Fight Against Apa Research Paper Examples While the abstract will be at the start of your paper, it ought to be the previous section that you write. For smaller essays, it may also be very small and contain just a few elements. The objective of your abstract is to supply a brief yet thorough summary of your paper. Making an APA outline is the very first matter to do in developing a structure on what is going to be written in the paper and the way it's written. An individual should realize that every Research Paper is a sophisticated writing because it must contain distinctive research and distinctive idea. Composing such a paper isn't such a draconic task since you might think. Writing research paper isn't just merely a compilation of related literature that could support the argument you're trying to raise, the findings you're trying to get, or the question you're trying to reply. The Foolproof Apa Research Paper Examples Strategy The framework of the way to write research papers have become the most distinguishable portion of each formatting standard. As one can see, there are a few studies that confirm the significance of genetic component for the growth of depression. It can be clear that there are a few traumatic life-events, which can impact the mental state of someone during the full life, especially if such events happened in childhood. Examine the limitations and implications of the analysis.

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Coal eAuction Business Marketing free essay sample

Group 5- Coal E-Auction Business Marketing- Case Study 9/4/2013 Great Lakes Institute of Management, Surgeon Ankhs Vistas, Anural Sappy, Kina Matt, Reject Raving, Shall Shirtwaist Introduction: Mining in India is a major economic activity which contributes significantly to the economy of India. The GAP contribution of the mining industry varies from 2. 2% to 2. 5% only but going by the GAP of the total industrial sector it contributes around 10% to 11%. India has the fifth largest coal reserves in the world. Coal with a proven reserve of 860 billion tones is mined the most in the world. At the same time, the emend curve for this sector is always on the rising side. The power sector is the largest consumer of coal followed by the iron and steel and cement segments. Apart from the major coal consumers there are other smaller sectors which need coal for their operations. Coal India Limited which is the controlling arm of all the coal business in India is required to meet the growing needs of the demands from all sectors. Coal is primarily being transported through roadways, railways and through carriers. An innovative method of transporting coal through slurry pipelines is also under consideration in India to be implemented on a larger scale. Problem in coal marketing: Coal Marketing in India has seen a lot of changes since the mining industry began flourishing. All the coal was supplied to the buyers through the Fuel Supply Agreement (FSP). Initially in sectors other than the major three like power, steel and cement, there was a fixed price regime, and corner black market premium under a quota system where permits were given on a first-come, first-served basis. The normal buyers had to pay a lot of extra money to the mafia who had their claws firmly on the coal logistics. The government came up with a solution of introducing E- auctioning of coal which would be a more equitable and rational marketing system. By introducing E-auctioning for the coal allocation, the government aimed to achieve the following benefits: * total transparency in coal marketing * Single window clearance for sale of coal * Dowdiest coverage of participation possible * Equal treatment to all categories of customers * buyers get coal of their choice of grades/sources * buyers can book coal trot any. . here in the country * Coal price would become fully market driven leading to better price discovery * None consumers would get the chance to buy coal NON quota/linkage would be needed for purchase of coal. By using the cutting edge technology, primarily the internet, parties provide the clients with an opportunity to cut costs and at the same time increase revenue and en hance margins. E-Auction has become a preferred mode of selling for coal, lignite and other minerals, due to its various advantages spanning from transparency of the selling process to fair market price realization, and more and more companies are adopting this mechanism for the sale of their products. Auction System: Auction is a market mechanism by which buyers make bids and sellers place offers; hardhearted by the competitive and dynamic nature by which the final price is reached. Electronic Auctions or E-Auctions are those which are conducted online. In the case of coal the scenario is of a single seller I. E. Coal India Limited (COIL) and many buyers. This type of auctioning is known as forward auctioning. See: Exhibit 1 Another form of auctioning is called the reverse auction. This is the scenario where there are many potential sellers and Just one buyer. The buyer places an item for bid (tender) on a request for quote (REF) system, potential suppliers bid on the Job, with he price reducing sequentially, and the lowest bid wins; used mainly in BIB and BIB e-commerce. E-Auction services in Coal Business: According to the Coal distribution policy of India, 10% of the coal produced is to be sold through E-auctioning. A minimum bidding quantity of 50 tons of coal is required as criteria to participate in the e-auctioning. Any buyer can participate in spot e- auction and only actual consumer can participate in forward e-auction. The procedure for participation in e-auction is specified in the scheme for spot e-auction and scheme for forward e-auction. A customer can get E Auction schedule from captive websites of Coal Companies or portal of MAST and injunction. This is a competitive bidding process and the highest bidder is awarded the coal block. Then payments are done followed by the transportation of the coal to the buyer through the available modes of transportation. See: Exhibit 2 The New Coal Distribution Policy: Problems persisting in the extant distribution policy led to a series of litigations between Consumers and Coal companies. Ultimately the Apex Court, in one such dispute, ruled that Government should come out with a New Coal Distribution Policy in view of stake-holders. A committee under the Chairmanship of Secretary (Coal) was formed by the Government with the following terms of reference: * Review of existing classification of consumers into Core and Non Core sectors. * Suggest a Mechanism for supply of coal to consumers in different sectors. * Mechanism for supply of coal to small/tiny consumers who are unable to access coal * Directly from coal companies. * Strategies to bring about transparency in coal distribution by use of Modern * Technologies including Intimation Technology. Target Markets: The Coal E-auction has its targets markets in the following sectors such as: Kilns * Rice Husk Plants Steel plants * Power Plants see: Exhibit 3 Result of introducing E-auction in coal business: * Brick After 2005, over the years since the introduction of e-auction in coal business, Coal India Limited has seen an increase in its business and the losses it was incurring due to the coal mafia has been significantly minimized. A huge price increase of coal in e- auctions has allowed Coal India to substantially increase its revenue and profits. See: Exhibit 4 The above innovative methodology was put to test on February 19, 2005. The results were fantastic: * Price realization was 54% over the floor price * Forced the breakup of cartels. Enabled small consumers to participate due to smaller lot sizes. * Bidders were extremely satisfied with the simple and user friendly screen. * The methodology was adopted as the standard methodology for sale of coal, across all the subsidiary companies of COIL. * The earlier service provider was asked to adopt this methodology. 10 Million Tons of coal was initially earmarked by Ministry of Coal to be sold in FYI 06, which was subsequently revised to 20 Million Tons. * Consumers could buy coal of their choice directly in small lots efficiently, conveniently transparently. * Disappearance of middle men. * Stoppage of black marketing. Sills average realization above the notified price during April November 2005 was around 54. 2%. For the first time since the nationalization of the coal indu stry and the formation of COIL, the public sector behemoth looked set to report a net profit of more than 6,000 core. E-auction growth opportunities in India: With the fast growing technology along with the tremendous growth in Internet, the E-auction has more opportunities to grow with innovations by branching itself across various sectors in India. Some of the sectors where the E-auction can grow are: Telecoms: The auctioning of the telecoms spectrum earlier this year was severely reductive by Major Service providers such as Birth Airtime and Idea Cellular. There is a huge opportunity in this sector which is still yet untapped. Power: E-Auctioning in electricity kicked off in India in June 2008. Since then the volume of daily power traded has gone up from 60 Mega watt hours (MPH) to 37000 MPH. This e-auction in power sector is mainly used for short term power market. In the main stream market the e-auctioning can be introduced once the surety for supply of power is ensured tort all demands. Real State The E-auction to mill properties by state-owned National Textile Corporation (ANT) has received good response from the developers and consultants. Most of the properties in real estate business can be sold through E- auctioning. This will revolutionize the way of operation of the real estate business. Apart from the above mentioned areas, e-auction can be primarily used to replace any business which involves normal auctioning process. Limitations of the E-auction: Any service though has a lot of advantages will always falter in certain aspects. In the same way E-auctioning services also suffer some limitations. They are as follows: * Possibility of fraud * Limited participation Security * Auction software * Long cycle time * Monitoring time * Equipment for buyers * Order fulfillment costs Future of E-auctioning: Global Auctioning: E-auctioning can be extended worldwide without confining to the businesses of the country. This allows buyers and sellers from all over the world to interact with each other seamlessly to do business. Real Time Auctions: E-auctions can be used to conduct real time auctions for almost all items from selling of antique items to minerals. Exhibit 1 Source: Electronic Commerce Prentice Hall 2006 Publication Exhibit 2 Exhibit 3 Source: Coal India Limited

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Song Analysis Scars to Your Beautiful Essay Example

Song Analysis Scars to Your Beautiful Paper There are many songs out today that portray women to be a certain type of way. Women are held up to very high standards and many songs acknowledge it. It happens to both genders, but it is more towards the girls have to have a certain type of image in order to be liked or wanted. It is not very common that there are songs about looking otherwise or just being who you are. Songs concentrate on being accepted by others and wanting to fit in with the norm rather than focusing on yourself and trying to be happy within you. In the song Scars to Your Beautiful by Alessia Cara, is a catchy, upbeat song that tends to focus more on oneself rather than others. I think this is a great song because it is relatable and talks about being happy and content with who you truly are. With body image being such a major issue in today’s society, this song mentions how it is not all about what others think about your looks. Alessia mentions how models do not really go through the struggle that everyday people. In the song it says â€Å"Oh she don’t see the light that’s shining deeper than the eyes can find it maybe we have made her blind So she tries to cover up her pain, and cut her woes away ‘cause covergirls don’t cry after their face is made. This shows that girls are trying to beautiful according to society and the high standards. Society does not allow us to see our own beauty and we have become blind. She compares every day girls to those who are on Covergirl because those on covergirl have Photoshop to fix their image. They typically are happy with how they appear due to all the advantages they have. The line, â€Å" She has dreams to be an envy, so she is starving you know, Covergirls eat nothing† brings up the who le starving oneself to become skinny and thin. Since on magazines girls are very thin it makes others feel that in order to be beautiful you have to be skinny. These lyrics are relatable because many compare themselves to people th We will write a custom essay sample on Song Analysis Scars to Your Beautiful specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Song Analysis Scars to Your Beautiful specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Song Analysis Scars to Your Beautiful specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer